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DISCIPLINING
THE CHILD
Author:
Dr. Sudhir Bhave, M.B.B.S.M.D. (psychiatry)
Present Position:
1. Consultant
Psychiatrist, Shreewardhan Complex, Wardha Road, Nagpur.
2. Lecturer
in psychiatry, NKP Salve Institute of Medical Sciences, Nagpur.
3. Contributory
lecturer, Dept of Human Development, L.A.D. College, Nagpur.
The
Article:
Every child needs proper disciplining he needs it to
develop a socially acceptable behaviour
to distinguish between the harmless and the harmful,
and to prevent oneself from entering into undesirable
situations later in life. Most parents feel that disciplining
can come naturally to them. This is not so, Good disciplining
needs a good
understanding of the child’s psyche.
Parental Authority: It
should be:
1.
Consistent:
Rewarding behaviour (may
be covertly) at one time punishing it at the other leaves the
child confused and insecure. Consistency should be both
intrapersonal (in the same person’s behaviour at different
times) and interpersonal (between the two parents or between
parents on one hand and grand parents on the other).
2.
Reasonable:
Don’t apply adult standards to the child Don’t be too
harsh. Try to look at things though the child’s point of
view. A child is more likely to misbehave if he is tired,
bored, hungry or bullied. Be more flexible at such times.
3.
Democratic:
Don’t trample the child’s rights. Within reasonable
boundaries let him choose his games, dresses etc.
4.
Firm: Be clear
and assertive in your message. The child should learn early
that if he does not obey the parents, the consequences are
going to be unpleasant. See to it that an important
instruction is not ignored.
Some “Do’s” of Disciplining:
Keep
the rules in the house few. But enforce them strictly. If the
child is old enough, he should know the reason for a rule.
In
case of a perceived misdeed, give an opportunity to the child
to explain it. It may turn out that it was not his fault after
all. Avoid saying “Don’t answer back”!
Some good Punishments:
1.
Firm
disapproval:
Criticize the deed and not the child. Say “your act was
bad” and “you are bad”
2.
Time out: For
a child who is screaming or trying to gain attention- keep him
in an isolated room for a few minutes (may be up to ten) till
the crying reduces or stops. The “time out room” should be
devoid of recreational or easily destructible objects.
3.
Fining:
Take away the child’s loved objects (e.g. A toy or a book or
watching television) for some time if he misbehaves in the
course of its use.
4.
Brief
restraint:
Physically hold a child in a restraining manner if he is
physically aggressive. Don’t scold or make a fuss or even
talk to the child during this- Be firm and calm. If on
releasing him after a few seconds, he does it again, repeat
the restraint. The repetition may have to be done 4 to 5 times
in a row.
5.
Restitution:
Ask the child to put right what he has put wrong egg. Cleaning
scribbled walls, cleaning a dirtied floor etc. I this is
inadequate, apply “over correction”
he not only clears that but also another dirty room.
If the child spontaneously confesses a misdeed, the
punishment should not be severe, or else you discourage future
confessions.
Behave normally soon after the punishment
-don’t make prolonged fuss. Don’t discuss the bad
behaviour in front of him once the punishment is over.
If you regret a harsh punishment, apologize to the
child.
Some
“Don’t’s” of disciplining:
Don’t
bribe a child for as desirable behaviour e.g. Studies, or else
he learns to enact a behaviour only if concrete favours are
anticipated. Unexpected rewards or praise are O.K.
Avoid shouting or displays of other forms of intense
negative emotions. Remember a child wants attention even if it
is negative. And don’t let the child get the pleasure of
being powerful enough to emotionally upset you. Disapprovals
should be shown firmly, with use of minimum of words (no
prolonged haranguing or preaching ) and very importantly,
calmly.
Avoid
hitting the child. It teaches the child to be aggressive
himself (“when in anger, hit out”), the child perceives
this as the “last punishment beyond which you can not do
anything more”, and its cruel. Never delude yourself that you are hitting the child “to improve him”. In
reality you are venting out your anger.
Don’t
punish the child only because others think he is “spoiled
“. Investigate individual misdemeanours
yourself.
Don’t
scold too frequently. It makes the scolding ineffective.
Don’t
threaten impossible punishments e.g. “I will never talk to
you”, “I will drive you out of the house”. “I will
leave you in a jungle” etc. The child soon learns
not to take your threats seriously.
Never
punish for acts which are beyond the child’s voluntary
control e.g. Bedwetting, bad handwriting, tics, hyperactivity
etc.
Never
issue scary threats e.g. of ghosts, injections, policeman etc.
Don’t
punish for accidental damage e.g. breakage of a plate which
falls accidentally. He in fact needs to be comforted here.
If scolded or punished, his regret at the damage
vanishes and is substituted by defiance.
Never
verbalise anticipation of an undesirable deed e.g. “I know
this toy won’t see tomorrow. You are certain to break it
today itself “or” Handle it
carefully you always break these things”.
Never use
negative labels for a child e.g. “dull”, “mischievous”,
“disobedient”, “stupid”. Each child keeps behaving in
accordance with his self-image, and his self-image is formed
by your expressed opinions of him.
Always
remember a child behaves well out of love and respect for his
parent who himself is a good model, and not due to the fear of
punishment. The basis of good behaviour is love and praise,
and not blame or punishment.
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